Editing Communication and Social Networks (Spring 2021)

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I will also check Discord at least once a day. I encourage you to post questions there, and to use it as a space where we can help and instruct each other. In general, you should contact me there. I am also available by email. You can reach me at [mailto:jdfoote@purdue.edu jdfoote@purdue.edu]. I try hard to maintain a boundary between work and home and I typically respond only on weekdays during business hours.
I will also check Discord at least once a day. I encourage you to post questions there, and to use it as a space where we can help and instruct each other. In general, you should contact me there. I am also available by email. You can reach me at [mailto:jdfoote@purdue.edu jdfoote@purdue.edu]. I try hard to maintain a boundary between work and home and I typically respond only on weekdays during business hours.
=== Online Resources ===
Programming can be difficult and frustrating and confusing, but you will get it! I have put together a few resources to help you with the programming portion of the course.
* Finding and fixing bugs in your code [[https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5698552/View Video]] [[https://jeremydfoote.com/TDIS/week_8/debugging.Rmd R Markdown file]] [[https://jeremydfoote.com/TDIS/week_8/debugging.html HTML file]]
* Intro to ggraph and tidygraph [[https://jeremydfoote.com/Communication-and-Social-Networks/week_6/ggraph_walkthrough.Rmd R Markdown file]] [[https://jeremydfoote.com/Communication-and-Social-Networks/week_6/ggraph_walkthrough.html HTML file]]


= Assignments =
= Assignments =


''Note'': Edited after the move to online classes to remove second exam and explain final project.


There will be multiple types of assignments, designed to encourage learning in different ways.
There will be multiple types of assignments, designed to encourage learning in different ways.
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== Discussion Questions ==
== Discussion Questions ==


In order to make sure that we are prepared to have a productive discussion, you are required to submit two discussion questions that you think would be interesting to discuss on Monday by noon. Submit these questions on the #discussion-questions channel on Discord. I will curate the questions and update the Etherpad at https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/com-411-comm-networks.
In order to make sure that we are prepared to have a productive discussion, you are required to submit two discussion questions that you think would be interesting to discuss on Monday by noon.  


Questions should engage with the readings and either connect to other concepts or to the "real world". Here are some good example questions:
Questions should engage with the readings and either connect to other concepts or to the "real world". Here are some good example questions:
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Some weeks will also include more practical homework (mostly data manipulation and visualization in R). On those weeks, portions of our discussions will center around going over homework questions and identifying places where folks are still confused.
Some weeks will also include more practical homework (mostly data manipulation and visualization in R). On those weeks, portions of our discussions will center around going over homework questions and identifying places where folks are still confused.


== Homework/Labs ==
== Homework/Labs ==
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'''Assignment Due:'''
'''Assignment Due:'''
* [[/R Lab 1|R Lab 1]]
* [[/R Lab 1|R Lab 1]]
* [https://wiki.communitydata.science/Communication_and_Social_Networks_(Spring_2021)#Discussion_Questions Discussion Questions]


'''Readings:'''  
'''Readings:'''  
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* Reciprocity
* Reciprocity
* Triadic closure
* Triadic closure
'''Supplementary Lecture:'''
[https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5434794/View Edge Creation][12:43]


== Week 4: Small group networks ==
== Week 4: Small group networks ==
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* Turn in your [[Self Assessment Reflection]] on Brightspace
* Turn in your [[Self Assessment Reflection]] on Brightspace
* [https://github.com/jdfoote/Communication-and-Social-Networks/raw/spring-2021/week_4/creating_networks.Rmd R Lab 2] (right-click, save to your computer, and open in RStudio)
* [https://github.com/jdfoote/Communication-and-Social-Networks/raw/spring-2021/week_4/creating_networks.Rmd R Lab 2] (right-click, save to your computer, and open in RStudio)
** [https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5424454/View Homework explanation video]




'''Readings:'''  
'''Readings:'''  
* Krackhardt, D., & Hanson, J. R. (1993). [https://hbr.org/1993/07/informal-networks-the-company-behind-the-chart Informal networks: The company behind the chart]. Harvard business review, 71(4), 104-111.
* Krackhardt, D., & Hanson, J. R. (1993). [https://hbr.org/1993/07/informal-networks-the-company-behind-the-chart Informal networks: The company behind the chart]. Harvard business review, 71(4), 104-111.
* Katz, N., Lazer, D., Arrow, H., & Contractor, N. (2004). [https://libkey.io/libraries/228/articles/5387888/full-text-file?utm_source=api_559 Network theory and small groups]. Small Group Research, 35(3), 307–332.
* Katz, N., Lazer, D., Arrow, H., & Contractor, N. (2004). [http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1046496404264941 Network theory and small groups]. Small Group Research, 35(3), 307–332.




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'''Readings:'''
'''Readings:'''
* [https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5445646/View Ego networks and network perceptions lecture] [17:14]
* Hanneman, R. A., & Riddle, M. (2005). Introduction to social network methods. University of California. ([https://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/nettext/C9_Ego_networks.html Chapter 9])
* Hanneman, R. A., & Riddle, M. (2005). Introduction to social network methods. University of California. ([https://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/nettext/C9_Ego_networks.html Chapter 9])
* Marsden, P. V. (1987). [https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/stable/2095397 Core Discussion Networks of Americans]. American Sociological Review, 52(1), 122–131.
* Marsden, P. V. (1987). Core Discussion Networks of Americans. American Sociological Review, 52(1), 122–131. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095397
* [https://hbr.org/2016/05/research-you-have-fewer-friends-than-you-think Research: You Have Fewer Friends than You Think]. (2016, May 12). Harvard Business Review.
* Research: You Have Fewer Friends than You Think. (2016, May 12). Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2016/05/research-you-have-fewer-friends-than-you-think
* Smith, E. B., Menon, T., & Thompson, L. (2012). [https://pubsonline-informs-org.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/doi/full/10.1287/orsc.1100.0643 Status Differences in the Cognitive Activation of Social Networks]. Organization Science, 23(1), 67–82.
* Smith, E. B., Menon, T., & Thompson, L. (2012). Status Differences in the Cognitive Activation of Social Networks. Organization Science, 23(1), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0643






'''Class Schedule:'''
'''Class Schedule:'''


== Week 6: Power, centrality, and hierarchy ==
== Week 6: Power, centrality, and hierarchy ==
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'''Assignment Due:'''  
'''Assignment Due:'''  
* [https://github.com/jdfoote/Communication-and-Social-Networks/raw/spring-2021/week_6/power_visualization.Rmd R Lab 3] (Right-click, save, open in RStudio, and knit)
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]]
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]]


'''Readings:'''  
'''Readings:'''  
* [https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5477475/View Why R + Programming principles lecture] [12:53]
* [https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5477494/View ggraph explanation video] [12:14]
** [https://jeremydfoote.com/Communication-and-Social-Networks/week_6/ggraph_walkthrough.html webpage for ggraph explanation video]
* Hanneman, R. A., & Riddle, M. (2005). Introduction to social network methods. [https://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/nettext/C10_Centrality.html Chapter 10: Centrality and Power]
* Hanneman, R. A., & Riddle, M. (2005). Introduction to social network methods. [https://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/nettext/C10_Centrality.html Chapter 10: Centrality and Power]
* Healy, K. (2013). [https://kieranhealy.org/blog/archives/2013/06/09/using-metadata-to-find-paul-revere/ Using Metadata to find Paul Revere].
* Healy, K. (2013). [https://kieranhealy.org/blog/archives/2013/06/09/using-metadata-to-find-paul-revere/ Using Metadata to find Paul Revere].
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0unzqsPaPk8 Centrality measures]. Matthew Jackson. From [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCnG8fKY45aH73ahmGK2xcg Social and Economic Networks course]
* Holliday, Audrey, Campbell, & Moore, (2016). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4898141/ Identifying well-connected opinion leaders for informal health promotion]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8oBWwS2wAQ Centrality Eigenvector Measures]. Matthew Jackson
* (Optional) Holliday, Audrey, Campbell, & Moore, (2016). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4898141/ Identifying well-connected opinion leaders for informal health promotion]


'''Class Schedule:'''
'''Class Schedule:'''


== Week 7: Social Capital, structural holes, and weak ties ==
== Week 7: Social Capital, structural holes, and weak ties ==
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'''Readings:'''  
'''Readings:'''  
* [https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5507590/View Capital and Social Capital] [16:02]
* Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The Strength of Weak Ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1360–1380. https://doi.org/10.1086/225469
* Granovetter, M. S. (1973). [https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/stable/2776392?sid=primo&seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents The Strength of Weak Ties]. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1360–1380. https://doi.org/10.1086/225469
* Kadushin, C. (2012).  [https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/purdue/reader.action?docID=829477&ppg=175 Networks as Social Capital], in Kadushin, C. (2012). Understanding Social Networks. Theories, Concepts and Findings. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Kadushin, C. (2012).  [https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/purdue/reader.action?docID=829477&ppg=175 Networks as Social Capital], in Kadushin, C. (2012). Understanding Social Networks. Theories, Concepts and Findings. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Putnam, R.D. (1995). [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/16643 Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital]. Journal of Democracy 6(1), 65-78.
* Putnam, R.D. (1995). [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/16643 Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital]. Journal of Democracy 6(1), 65-78.
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'''Class Schedule:'''
'''Class Schedule:'''


== Week 8: Small worlds  ==
== Week 8: Small worlds  ==
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* Turn in your [[Self Assessment Reflection]] on Brightspace
* Turn in your [[Self Assessment Reflection]] on Brightspace
* [[/Social Search Assignment|Social Search Assignment]]
* [[/Social Search Assignment|Social Search Assignment]]
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]] - Just one question this week
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]]




'''Readings:'''  
'''Readings:'''  
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TcxZSmzPw8k The Science of Six Degrees of Separation]
* Travers, J. and Milgram, S. (1969). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2786545  An experimental study of the small world problem]. ''Sociometry'', 32(4):425-443
* [https://purdue.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/208700/viewContent/5562533/View Small worlds video] [18:45]
* (Optional but short) Dodds, P. S., Muhamad, R., & Watts, D. J. (2003). [https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1081058 An Experimental Study of Search in Global Social Networks]. ''Science'', 301(5634), 827.
* Travers, J. and Milgram, S. (1969). [https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/stable/2786545  An experimental study of the small world problem]. ''Sociometry'', 32(4):425-443
 
* [https://jeremydfoote.com/Communication-and-Social-Networks/week_6/ggraph_walkthrough.html Introduction to tidygraph and ggraph]. This is a walkthrough that I wrote to help you to figure out how all of the different pieces work in tidygraph and ggraph.
* (Optional but short) Dodds, P. S., Muhamad, R., & Watts, D. J. (2003). [https://science-sciencemag-org.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/content/301/5634/827 An Experimental Study of Search in Global Social Networks]. ''Science'', 301(5634), 827.




'''Class Schedule:'''
'''Class Schedule:'''
 
* Small worlds
 
* Finish discussion about social capital
March 11
* Introduce more advanced visualization methods in R
 
* Begin working through Chapters 2 and 3 [https://campus.datacamp.com/courses/network-analysis-in-r Network Analysis in R]
Quick discussion about the Visualization Challenge


== Week 9: Scale-free networks and the friendship paradox ==
== Week 9: Scale-free networks and the friendship paradox ==
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'''Assignment Due:'''  
'''Assignment Due:'''  
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]] (I will pass these along to Dr. Feld)
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]]


'''Readings:'''  
'''Readings:'''  
* Feld, Scott L. (1991), [https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/stable/2781907 Why your friends have more friends than you do]. American Journal of Sociology, 96 (6): 1464–1477. https://doi.org/10.1086%2F229693
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tP2MLp7GL7Q Early Detection of an Outbreak using the Friendship Paradox]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c867FlzxZ9Y Networks are everywhere with Albert-László Barabási]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c867FlzxZ9Y Networks are everywhere with Albert-László Barabási]
(Optional)
* Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2010). Social Network Sensors for Early Detection of Contagious Outbreaks. PLOS ONE, 5(9), e12948. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012948
* Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2010). Social Network Sensors for Early Detection of Contagious Outbreaks. PLOS ONE, 5(9), e12948. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012948
 
* Feld, Scott L. (1991), "Why your friends have more friends than you do", American Journal of Sociology, 96 (6): 1464–1477. https://doi.org/10.1086%2F229693


'''Class Schedule:'''
'''Class Schedule:'''
* Guest lecture by Scott Feld (Note that this meeting will be over Zoom; link will be posted in Discord)
* Guest lecture by Scott Feld


== Week 10: Social influence and diffusion ==
== Week 10: Social influence and diffusion ==
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* Chapter 4, "[http://everythingisobvious.com/wp-content/themes/eio/assets/EIO_chapter4.pdf Special People]", in Watts, D. J. (2011). Everything is Obvious: Once you know the answer. New York, NY: Crown Business.
* Chapter 4, "[http://everythingisobvious.com/wp-content/themes/eio/assets/EIO_chapter4.pdf Special People]", in Watts, D. J. (2011). Everything is Obvious: Once you know the answer. New York, NY: Crown Business.
* [https://youtu.be/D9XF0QOzWM0 Duncan Watts on Common Sense]
* [https://youtu.be/D9XF0QOzWM0 Duncan Watts on Common Sense]
* [Optional] Centola, D., & Macy, M. (2007). [https://www-journals-uchicago-edu.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/doi/full/10.1086/521848 Complex Contagions and the Weakness of Long Ties]. American Journal of Sociology, 113(3), 702–734.  
* [Optional] Centola, D., & Macy, M. (2007). [https://doi.org/10.1086/521848 Complex Contagions and the Weakness of Long Ties]. American Journal of Sociology, 113(3), 702–734.  
* [Optional] Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2012). [https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/doi/full/10.1002/sim.5408 Social contagion theory: Examining dynamic social networks and human behavior]. Statistics in Medicine, 32, 556–577.
* [Optional] Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2012). Social contagion theory: Examining dynamic social networks and human behavior. Statistics in Medicine, 32, 556–577.


'''Other Resources:'''
'''Other Resources:'''
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March 30
March 30
'''Weekly lecture:'''
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]]
* Submit two exam questions
* Guest Lecture by Ryan Gallagher


'''Assignment Due:'''
'''Assignment Due:'''
* [[#Discussion Questions|One discussion question for Ryan]]
* [https://github.com/jdfoote/Communication-and-Social-Networks/raw/master/activities/groups_in_networks.Rmd Finding and visualizing groups in networks] (Right-click, save, and open in RStudio).  
* Submit two exam questions on Brightspace
* [https://github.com/jdfoote/Communication-and-Social-Networks/raw/spring-2021/week_11/groups_in_networks.Rmd Finding and visualizing groups in networks] (Right-click, save, and open in RStudio).  


'''Readings:'''
'''Readings:'''
* Girvan, M., & Newman, M. E. (2002). [https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/99/12/7821.full.pdf Community structure in social and biological networks]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
* Hanneman, R. A., & Riddle, M. (2005). Introduction to social network methods. [https://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/nettext/C11_Cliques.html Chapter 11: Cliques and sub-groups]
* Borgatti, S. P., & Everett, M. G. (2000). [https://libkey.io/libraries/228/articles/6389719/full-text-file?utm_source=api_559 Models of core/periphery structures]. Social Networks.
* Barberá, P., Wang, N., Bonneau, R., Jost, J. T., Nagler, J., Tucker, J., & González-Bailón, S. (2015). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0143611 The critical periphery in the growth of social protests]. PLoS ONE.


'''Class Schedule:'''
'''Other Resources:'''
* Guest Lecture by [https://ryanjgallagher.github.io/ Ryan Gallagher]


April 1
'''Lab Meeting:'''
* Go over the groups visualization homework


== Week 12: Technology and networks ==
== Week 12: Technology and networks ==
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'''Readings:'''
'''Readings:'''
* Pariser, E. [https://www.ted.com/talks/eli_pariser_beware_online_filter_bubbles Beware Online Filter Bubbles]
* Kleinberg, J. (2007). The wireless epidemic. Nature, 449(7160), 287–288. https://doi.org/10.1038/449287a
* Fletcher, R. [https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/risj-review/truth-behind-filter-bubbles-bursting-some-myths The truth behind filter bubbles: Bursting some myths].
* Kleinberg, J. (2012). [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29952-0_8 The Convergence of Social and Technological Networks]. In M. Agrawal, S. B. Cooper, & A. Li (Eds.), Theory and Applications of Models of Computation.
* Bail, C. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwRm_ssTarE Should we break our echo chambers?]
* Cohen, M. [https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/finding-love-the-scientific-take/202012/context-collapse Context Collapse]
(Optional)
* Kleinberg, J. (2012). [https://link-springer-com.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-29952-0_8 The Convergence of Social and Technological Networks]. In M. Agrawal, S. B. Cooper, & A. Li (Eds.), Theory and Applications of Models of Computation.
* Chris Bail, et al. (2018). [https://www.pnas.org/content/115/37/9216 Exposure to opposing views on social media can increase political polarization]. PNAS.


== Week 13: Collective behavior ==
== Week 13: Collective behavior ==
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April 13
April 13


READING DAY
[https://jeremydfoote.com/teaching/2020/comm_and_soc_networks/dark_side_week_13/#/ Slides]
 
April 15


'''Assignment Due:'''
'''Assignment Due:'''
* [[#Discussion Questions|One discussion question]]
* [[#Discussion Questions|Discussion questions]]
* Take-home exam
* Take-home exam
* Keep working on the [[Communication_and_Social_Networks_(Spring_2020)/Final_project | final project]]
* Keep working on the [[Communication_and_Social_Networks_(Spring_2020)/Final_project | final project]]
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'''Readings:'''
'''Readings:'''
* Becker, J., Brackbill, D., & Centola, D. (2017). [https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1615978114 Network dynamics of social influence in the wisdom of crowds]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201615978.
* Becker, J., Brackbill, D., & Centola, D. (2017). [https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1615978114 Network dynamics of social influence in the wisdom of crowds]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201615978.
* Do [http://ncase.me/crowds/ The Wisdom or Madness of Crowds Simulation]
* Do [http://ncase.me/crowds/ The Wisdom or Madness of Crowds Simulation]  
 


== Week 14: Networks and collaboration ==
== Week 14: Networks and collaboration ==
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'''Assignment Due:'''  
'''Assignment Due:'''  
* 1 Discussion Question
* First draft of [[Communication_and_Social_Networks_(Spring_2020)/Final_project | final project]] to peer for feedback




'''Readings:'''  
'''Readings:'''  
* Read the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wealth_of_Networks Wikipedia Article about The Wealth of Networks]
* Read the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wealth_of_Networks Wikipedia Article about The Wealth of Networks]
* Skim section two of Benkler, Y. (2002). [https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/stable/1562247 Coase’s Penguin, or, Linux and "The Nature of the Firm."] The Yale Law Journal, 112(3), 369.
* Skim section two of Benkler, Y. (2002). [https://doi.org/10.2307/1562247 Coase’s Penguin, or, Linux and "The Nature of the Firm."] The Yale Law Journal, 112(3), 369.
 
April 22


'''Assignment Due:'''
* First draft of [[Communication_and_Social_Networks_(Spring_2020)/Final_project | final project]] to peer for feedback


== Week 15: Networked racism ==
== Week 15: Networked racism ==
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'''Assignment Due:'''  
'''Assignment Due:'''  
* Peer feedback on final project
* Peer feedback on final project




'''Readings:'''
'''Readings:'''  


* Fernandez, R. M., & Fernandez-Mateo, I. (2006). [https://journals-sagepub-com.ezproxy.lib.purdue.edu/doi/pdf/10.1177/000312240607100103 Networks, Race, and Hiring]. American Sociological Review, 71(1), 42–71. '''Read the introduction (pp. 42–47) and the Summary and Conclusion (pp. 65–67)'''
* (Optional) Sunstein, C. R. (1991). Why markets don’t stop discrimination. Social Philosophy and Policy, 8(02), 22–37. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265052500001114


== Week 16: Finals week  ==
== Week 16: Finals week  ==
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