Editing DS4UX (Spring 2016)/Day 3 follow up (section)

=== Get user input with <code>input()</code> ===

 >>> for i in range(100):
 ...     my_input = input("Please type something> ")
 ...     if my_input == "Quit":
 ...         print("Goodbye!")
 ...         break
 ...     else:
 ...         print("You said: " + my_input)
 ... 
 Please type something> Hello
 You said: Hello
 Please type something> How are you?
 You said: How are you?
 Please type something> Quit
 Goodbye!
 >>>

Things to remember about <code>input()</code>
 
*Input() simply asks the user to type something.
*You can test out input() interactively. Just go into the python interpreter and type: input("What's your favorite color?")
*The stuff that goes inside the parentheses is the "prompt". It's a string, and should be surrounded by quotes. When you run your program, the prompt text will be shown to the user right to the left of the blinking cursor where they will type their input.
*Python will ask the user to type something at the point in the script where input() is called. Remember that Python executes scripts from top to bottom, left to right. If you put input inside a loop, it will ask the user to type something every time the loop is executed in your script.
*What you DO with that user input is up to you. The best thing to do is to save it as a variable, i.e. user_name = input("Please type your name")
*Python saves user input as a string, so if the user types "Daria" in the example above, then user_name will equal "Daria".
*Once you've saved your user's input, you can use it like any other string variable. In the case of the babynames challenges, you probably want to compare it with the keys in one of the babynames dictionaries (ssadata.boys or ssadata.girls), so that you can find out how many people share that name. These keys are also strings.
*REMEMBER: the keys in the babynames dictionaries are all in lowercase, but you can't necessarily control how a user will type their input--it's natural that people will want to capitalize their own name! Fortunately, there are string methods (https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#string-methods (Links to an external site.)) that will convert any string into all lowercase. You can make a string lowercase by adding .lower() to the end of the string (or the variable that holds the string)!