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Public Speaking (Summer 2019)/Advocacy Speech
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=== Poor advocacy speeches (48 - 55) === ;Invention and Arrangement: In poor speeches, the argument is poor. Multiple argumentative elements (ill, blame, cure, etc.) are vague or unclear. At the end of the speech, the audience may still not have a sense of the exact nature of the ill discussed. In many cases, this might stem from a lack of clear examples and/or evidence (or underdeveloped examples and/or evidence). Obviously, argument congruency is a major problem in poor speeches; the argumentative elements often feel disconnected from one another. The calls to action tend to be few and poorly articulated. Poor speeches have a flawed sense of flow. Since the argumentative elements lack a compelling logic, the arrangement tends to follow suit. The speeches main sections tend to either be so underdeveloped that they fail to present enough relevant information or they drag on well past their usefulness and drain the speech of its momentum. ;Style: Poor speeches need significantly greater attention to style. The attempts at style that are present are few and, often, poorly executed. In listening to the speech, it sounds as if the speaker never devoted much time to crafting the language of the speech. ;Memory and Delivery: The delivery in poor speeches actually harms the quality and clarity of the argument.Poor speakers don’t speak with enough volume for the space. Poor speakers often don’t change their delivery at all to accommodate the outdoor space. Poor speakers often rely too heavily on their note cards. Alternatively, poor speakers have a rambling delivery since the speech wasn’t planned out sufficiently. Ultimately, poor speeches sound like they paid little attention to crafting a strong delivery style.
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