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Online Communities and Crowds (Winter 2022)
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== Schedule (with all the details) == Please note that the date provided for each week corresponds to the Wednesday session when we all meet together. Everyone also has discussion sections === Week 1: Origins (01.05) === ==== Lectures ==== # Introduction ([https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=97f5f819-82c9-4917-903d-ae13004c418c Part 1], [https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=e379f5fb-d047-427a-bf5f-ae13004a1fb7 Part 2], and [https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=67b6ff86-19d8-43e4-8744-ae13004bef9c Part 3]) # Course logistics ([https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=cc884085-fbd9-448c-af55-ae12014adbe5 Part 1] and [https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=e6a56f3e-9047-4961-b243-ae12014c8a8e Part 2]) # Birth of the "modem world" (via Zoom, [https://northwestern.zoom.us/rec/share/EqnDoj0YNDFzaspLwdFdvcBMLc15h_qJpMYFo5UNsPWqC2WK8l1DSgepj2Avmemo.dKnttr-S8uti84re recording (includes transcription)]) ;[https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/files/folder/lecture%20slides Lecture slides] (via Canvas) ==== Assignments ==== * Complete the readings/viewings below (note that graduate students should complete undergraduate+graduate readings) * Enroll in our course Wikipedia Assignment (link and passcode distributed via Canvas) * Complete Week 1 Wikipedia assignment exercises * Join the course Discord server (invitation link distributed via Canvas) ===== Undergraduate ===== * John Perry Barlow. 1996. [https://www.eff.org/cyberspace-independence A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace]. * Katie Hafner. 1997. [http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/5.05/ff_well_pr.html The epic saga of The WELL]. Wired Magazine. (Long magazine article!) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mJgRHYw9-fU&list=PLgE-9Sxs2IBVgJkY-1ZMj0tIFxsJ-vOkv The BBS Documentary] (watch at least 15-20 minutes of the first video/part. Feel free to watch more if you get into it). ===== Graduate ===== * Driscoll, Kevin. [https://digitallibrary.usc.edu/asset-management/2A3BF16X9IB9 Hobbyist inter-networking and the popular Internet imaginary: Forgotten histories of networked personal computing, 1978-1998]. Doctoral Thesis, University of Southern California (Chapter 2-3; optional: skim Chapter 1). * Turner, Fred. 2005. [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v046/46.3turner.html Where the counterculture met the new economy: The WELL and the origins of virtual community]. ''Technology and Culture.'' ==== Additional resources (not required! optional!) ==== * Steve Jobs. 2005. [http://news.stanford.edu/news/2005/june15/jobs-061505.html Commencement Address]. Stanford University, Stanford, CA. (Note: you can watch or read this one in various places) * Stanford 2011 symposium: [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5kQYWLtW3Y From Counterculture to Cyberculture: the Legacy of the Whole Earth Catalog]. * Margaret O'Mara. 2019 ''The Code: Silicon Valley and the Remaking of America''. Penguin Press. === Week 2: Definitions (01.12) === ==== Lectures ==== # What (was|is) a ''community'' anyway? ([https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=44087577-4130-456f-acf0-ae19011246bb recordings]) # Crowds: Their madness and wisdom ([https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=44087577-4130-456f-acf0-ae19011246bb recordings]) # Defining online communities & crowds ([https://northwestern.zoom.us/rec/share/tFGVL_ThFdKr4qkOrbNJQkIf-uD4xj3an21Omg04JO8mPdG6ia_uQwauSyUOG-kn._BTPqEavNWLSlIdi zoom recording]) ; [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/files/folder/lecture%20slides/Week%202 Lecture slides] (via Canvas) ==== Assignments ==== * Complete Week 2 Wikipedia assignment exercises (due Friday) * First reading quiz (378) and discussion memos (525) this week. ===== Undergraduate readings ===== * Oldenburg, Ray. 1989. ''The great good place: Cafés, coffee shops, community centers, beauty parlors, general stores, bars, hangouts, and how they get you through the day.'' Paragon House Publishers. [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/files/12840997/download?download_frd=1 Chapter 1 ("The Problem of Place in America") and Chapter 2 ("The Character of Third Places")]. * Bruckman, Amy. 2006. [https://www.cc.gatech.edu/~asb/papers/conference/bruckman-community-chi06.pdf A new perspective on ‘community’ and its implications for computer-mediated communication systems]. In ''Extended Abstracts of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems'', pp. 616-621. ===== Graduate readings ===== * Hampton, Keith. 2016. [https://www.mysocialnetwork.net/downloads/offprint/PersistentandPervasive_Hampton.pdf Persistent and pervasive community: New communication technologies and the future of community]. ''American Behavioral Scientist''. * O’Mahony, Siobhan, Lakhani, Karim. R. 2011. [https://www.hbs.edu/ris/Publication%20Files/11-131.pdf Organizations in the shadow of communities], In Marquis, C., Lounsbury, M., Greenwood, R. (eds.), Research in the Sociology of Organizations, vol. 33: Communities and Organizations: 3–36. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group. (Link is working paper / pre-print version). ==== Additional (optional!) resources ==== * Bruckman, Amy. 2016. [https://nextbison.wordpress.com/2016/04/29/the-rheingold-test The Rheingold test]. * Kim, Amy Jo. 1998. [https://people.apache.org/~jim/NewArchitect/webtech/1998/01/kim/ Nine timeless principles for building community]. Available via ''New Architect'' magazine archives. * Aniket Kittur, Jeffrey V. Nickerson, Michael Bernstein, Elizabeth Gerber, Aaron Shaw, John Zimmerman, Matt Lease, and John Horton. 2013. [https://doi.org/10.1145/2441776.2441923 The future of crowd work]. In Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW '13). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1301–1318. * Simmel, Georg. [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/files/12844557/download?download_frd=1 The web of group affiliations] (canvas). === Week 3: Participation (01.19) === ==== Lectures ==== # Motivating participation ([https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=7942198a-b4f1-4f1e-bfa7-ae1f011d2915 recordings]) # Participation inequalities # "Too much democracy in all the wrong places" ; [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/files/folder/lecture%20slides/Week%203 Lecture slides] (via Canvas) ==== Assignments ==== ===== Undergraduate ===== * Kraut & Resnick. ''Building Successful Online Communities.'' [https://kraut.hciresearch.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Kraut10-Contribution-current.pdf Encouraging contributions to online communities (Chapter 2)] (pdf from Kraut's Web site). * Buechley, L. and Hill, B. M. 2010. [https://mako.cc/academic/buechley_hill_DIS_10.pdf LilyPad in the wild: How hardware's long tail is supporting new engineering and design communities]. Proceedings of the ACM Designing Interactive Systems (DIS) Conference. ===== Graduate ===== * van de Rijt et al. 2014. [https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1316836111 Field experiments of success-breeds-success dynamics]. Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences (PNAS). * Shaw, Fiers, and Hargittai. Unpublished manuscript. [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/files/12901599/download?download_frd=1 Participation inequality in the gig economy]. * Dunbar-Hester, Christina. 2020. Hacking diversity: The politics of inclusion in open technology cultures. ([https://canvas.northwestern.edu/files/12898596/download?download_frd=1 Chapters 1, 7, 8]) ===== Additional resources ===== * Kelty, Christopher, M. 2017. [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/688705 Too Much Democracy in All the Wrong Places: Toward a Grammar of Participation]. Current Anthropology 2017 58:S15, S77-S90 * Kelty, C. and Erickson, S. 2018. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01972243.2018.1463046 Two modes of participation: A conceptual analysis of 102 cases of Internet and social media participation from 2005–2015]. The Information Society, 34(2): 71–87. ; Additional resources about Twitch * Clark, Taylor. 2017. [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/11/20/how-to-get-rich-playing-video-games-online How to Get Rich Playing Video Games Online]. New Yorker, November 13, 2017. * Hernandez, Patricia. 2018. [https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/16/17569520/twitch-streamers-zero-viewers-motivation-community The Twitch Streamers Who Spend Years Broadcasting to No One]. The Verge. July 16, 2018. * [https://gameonaire.com/differences-between-partner-affiliate-twitch/ The Differences Between Twitch Partner and Affiliate Programs]. 2019. GameOnAire (blog). April 5, 2019. * [https://help.twitch.tv/s/article/achievements?language=en_US. Achievements]. n.d. Twitch. Accessed January 15, 2022. * Grayson, Nathan. 2018. [https://kotaku.com/twitch-partners-feeling-burned-after-affiliates-receive-1826810027 Twitch Partners Feeling Burned After Affiliates Receive Features That Took Them Years To Earn]. Kotaku. June 14, 2018. === Week 4: Newcomers (01.26) === ==== Lectures ==== # Newcomer recruitment and socialization ([https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=c812ed27-6c5c-4ba4-b37b-ae270129df43 recordings]) # On the varieties of newcomer experience ;[https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/files/folder/lecture%20slides/Week%204 Lecture slides] (via Canvas) ==== Assignments ==== ===== Wikipedia Assignment (all) ===== : [https://dashboard.wikiedu.org/courses/Northwestern_University/Online_communities_and_crowds_(Winter)/timeline#week-4 WikiEdu dashboard timeline for this week] * Article topic selection complete. * Develop draft articles in sandbox/user namespace. * Peer review another group's article late this week. ===== Undergraduate ===== * Kraut & Resnick. ''Building Successful Online Communities'', [https://kraut.hciresearch.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/kraut10-Newcomers-current.pdf Dealing with newcomers (Chapter 5)] (pdf from Kraut's Web site). * Charles Kiene, Andrés Monroy-Hernández, and Benjamin Mako Hill. 2016. [https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858356 Surviving an "Eternal September": How an Online Community Managed a Surge of Newcomers]. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1152–1156. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858356 ===== Graduate ===== * Corey Brian Jackson, Carsten Østerlund, Kevin Crowston, Mahboobeh Harandi, and Laura Trouille. 2020. [https://doi.org/10.1145/3392841 Shifting forms of Engagement: Volunteer Learning in Online Citizen Science]. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 4, CSCW1, Article 036, 19 pages. * Aaron Halfaker, Aniket Kittur, and John Riedl. 2011. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2038558.2038585 Don't bite the newbies: How reverts affect the quantity and quality of Wikipedia work]. In Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration (WikiSym '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 163--172. * Casey Fiesler and Brianna Dym. 2020. [https://doi.org/10.1145/3392847 Moving Across Lands: Online Platform Migration in Fandom Communities]. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 4, CSCW1, Article 042 (May 2020), 25 pages. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1145/3392847 ==== Additional resources ==== * [https://www.reddit.com/r/nosleep/wiki/posting_guidelines Posting Guidelines], r/nosleep Wiki. Accessed January 25, 2022. * Susan L. Bryant, Andrea Forte, and Amy Bruckman. 2005. [https://doi.org/10.1145/1099203.1099205 Becoming Wikipedian: transformation of participation in a collaborative online encyclopedia]. In Proceedings of the 2005 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work (GROUP '05). * Preece, Jennifer and Schneiderman, Ben. 2009. [https://aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/ The reader-to-leader framework: Motivating technology-mediated social participation]. ''AIS Transaction on Human-Computer Interaction.'' * Seering et al. 2020. [https://dl.acm.org/doi/fullHtml/10.1145/3313831.3376151 Proximate social factors in first-time contribution to online communities]. CHI. * Sneha Narayan, Jake Orlowitz, Jonathan Morgan, Benjamin Mako Hill, and Aaron Shaw. 2017. [https://doi.org/10.1145/2998181.2998307 The Wikipedia Adventure: Field Evaluation of an Interactive Tutorial for New Users]. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '17). * Van Maanen, John. 1978. [https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(78)90032-3 People processing: Strategies of organizational socialization], Organizational Dynamics, (7)1. 19-36. === Week 5: Identity (02.02) === ==== Lectures ==== # Identity: The presentation of online self ([https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=22ae884d-10ca-49a9-9ac9-ae2e01554e48 recordings]) # Privacy, context, and disclosure # Anonymity: Threat or menace? ;[https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/files/folder/lecture%20slides/Week%205 Lecture slides] (via Canvas) ==== Assignments ==== ===== Community Advising Assignment #1 ===== * [[Online_Communities_and_Crowds_(Winter_2022)/Community_advising_assignments#CA1%3A_Participation_gaps_on_English_Wikipedia|Challenge and setting details]] distributed on 2/2. [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/assignments/1004974 Completed assignment due 2/9]. ===== Wikipedia Assignment (all) ===== : [https://dashboard.wikiedu.org/courses/Northwestern_University/Online_communities_and_crowds_(Winter)/timeline#week-5 WikiEdu dashboard timeline for this week] * Expand draft articles * Complete peer review of another group's article. ===== Undergraduate ===== * Judith Donath. 1998. [http://judithdonath.net/papers/Donath/IdentityDeception/IdentityDeception.pdf Identity and deception in the virtual community]. In Kollock, P. and Smith, M. (eds). ''Communities in Cyberspace''. London: Routledge. pp. 37-68. * Kishonna L. Gray. 2012. [https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2011.642401 Intersecting oppressions and online communities]. Information, Communication & Society, 15:3, 411-428, DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2011.642401 ===== Graduate ===== * Acquisti, Alessandro, Laura Brandimarte, and George Loewenstein. [https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.aaa1465 Privacy and human behavior in the age of information]. Science 347.6221 (2015): 509-514. * Hill, Benjamin Mako, and Aaron Shaw. [https://mako.cc/academic/hill_shaw-hidden_costs_of_requiring_accounts-PREPRINT.pdf The Hidden Costs of Requiring Accounts: Quasi-Experimental Evidence From Peer Production]. Communication Research (2020): 0093650220910345. * <del>Nazanin Andalibi, Margaret E. Morris, and Andrea Forte. 2018. [https://doi.org/10.1145/3274288 Testing Waters, Sending Clues: Indirect Disclosures of Socially Stigmatized Experiences on Social Media]. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 2, CSCW, Article 19 (November 2018), 23 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274288<del> * (''optional'') Nazanin Andalibi, Oliver L. Haimson, Munmun De Choudhury, and Andrea Forte. 2016. Understanding Social Media Disclosures of Sexual Abuse Through the Lenses of Support Seeking and Anonymity. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3906–3918. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858096 ==== Additional resources ==== * Bernstein, M., Monroy-Hernández, A., Harry, D., André, P., Panovich, K., & Vargas, G. 2011. [https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/14134 4chan and /b/: An Analysis of Anonymity and Ephemerality in a Large Online Community]. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 5(1), 50-57. * Dibbell, J. (1993, Dec 23). [http://www.juliandibbell.com/texts/bungle_vv.html A rape in cyberspace: How an evil clown, a Haitian trickster spirit, two wizards, and a cast of dozens turned a database into a society]. The Village Voice. * Goffman, Erving. 1959. ''The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.'' * K. L. Gray. 2012. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13614568.2012.746740 Deviant bodies, stigmatized identities, and racist acts: examining the experiences of African-American gamers in Xbox Live], New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 18:4, 261-276, https://10.1080/13614568.2012.746740 === Week 6: Governance (02.09) === ==== Lectures ==== # Governing the digital commons: A crude and brief synthesis # Governance of and by (and within?) platforms # Order from chaos? Governance in autonomous communities : '''[https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=6115fc48-9698-40d4-9eb5-ae350029f168 Lecture recordings]''' (Panopto) and '''[https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/files/folder/lecture%20slides/Week%206 lecture slides]''' (Canvas) : '''Guest speaker in class Wed.:''' Molly de Blanc (Debian Project, Gnome Project, Community Data Science Collective, NYU, and more) ==== Assignments ==== ===== Community Advising Assignment #1 ===== * [[Online_Communities_and_Crowds_(Winter_2022)/Community_advising_assignments#CA1%3A_Participation_gaps_on_English_Wikipedia|CA1 details and instructions]] * [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/assignments/1004974 Completed assignment due 2/9]. ===== Wikipedia Assignment (all) ===== : [https://dashboard.wikiedu.org/courses/Northwestern_University/Online_communities_and_crowds_(Winter)/timeline#week-6 WikiEdu dashboard timeline for this week] * Move article drafts into "main namespace." * Revise articles in response to peer feedback. ===== Undergraduate ===== * Kiesler, S, Kittur, A., Kraut, R., & Resnick, P. 2012. [https://kraut.hciresearch.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/kiesler10-Regulation-current.pdf Regulating behavior in online communities] in Kraut, R. and Resnick, P. ''Building Successful Online Communities'' (Chapter 4). * Gillespie, Tarleton. 2018. [https://culturedigitally.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Gillespie-Governance-ofby-Platforms-PREPRINT.pdf Governance of and by platforms]. In Sage Handbook of Social Media, Jean Burgess,Thomas Poell, and Alice Marwick (eds). * Read and compare/contrast the [https://wiki.gnome.org/action/show/Foundation/CodeOfConduct GNOME Code of Conduct] with the [https://ubuntu.com/community/code-of-conduct Ubuntu Code of Conduct v2.0]. * ''Optional'' (because it was added late): [https://www.debian.org/code_of_conduct Debian project Code of Conduct]. ===== Graduate ===== * Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Shagun Jhaver, Savvas Zannettou, Jeremy Blackburn, Gianluca Stringhini, Emiliano De Cristofaro, and Robert West. 2021. [https://dlab.epfl.ch/people/west/pub/HortaRibeiro-Jhaver-Zannettou-Blackburn-DeCristofaro-Stringhini-West_CSCW-21.pdf Do Platform Migrations Compromise Content Moderation? Evidence from r/The_Donald and r/Incels]. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 5, CSCW2, Article 316 (October 2021), 24 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3476057 * Massa, F. G., & O’Mahony, S. 2021. [https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00018392211008880 Order from Chaos: How Networked Activists Self-Organize by Creating a Participation Architecture]. Administrative Science Quarterly. doi:10.1177/00018392211008880. * Schneider, Nathan. 2021. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820986553 Admins, Mods, and Benevolent Dictators for Life: The Implicit Feudalism of Online Communities]. New Media & Society. ==== Additional resources ==== * Aurora, Valerie and Gardiner, Mary. 2019. [https://frameshiftconsulting.com/resources/code-of-conduct-book/ How to respond to code of conduct reports]. Frameshift Consulting. * Hampton, Rachelle. 2019. [https://slate.com/technology/2019/04/black-feminists-alt-right-twitter-gamergate.html The black feminists who saw the alt-right coming]. Slate. * Ilori, Tomiwa. 2020. [https://slate.com/technology/2020/08/social-media-content-moderation-african-nations.html Content moderation is particularly hard in African countries]. Slate. * Massachi, Saher. 2021. [https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/12/20/1042709/how-to-save-social-media-treat-it-like-a-city/ How to save our social media by treating it like a city]. MIT Technology Review. === Week 7: Quality (02.16) === ==== Lectures ==== # How do they do it? Community production dynamics # Social production, social failures : [https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=0bc61fc9-2572-41c0-818b-ae3c0164464e '''Lecture recordings'''] (panopto) and [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/files/13185232/download?download_frd=1 '''slides'''] (canvas) ==== Assignments ==== ===== Wikipedia Assignment (all) ===== * Articles revised and published in main namespace. * [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/assignments/1004976 Wikipedia assignment reflection essay due 2/18]. ===== Undergraduate ===== * Benkler, Yochai. 2006. [https://cyber.harvard.edu/wealth_of_networks/Download_PDFs_of_the_book The Wealth of Networks]. Yale University Press. Ch. 2 excerpt (pp. 29-34) & Ch. 3 (all). * Casey Fiesler, Shannon Morrison, and Amy S. Bruckman. 2016. [https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858409 An Archive of Their Own: A Case Study of Feminist HCI and Values in Design]. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858409 ===== Graduate ===== * Ashley Colley, Jacob Thebault-Spieker, Allen Yilun Lin, Donald Degraen, Benjamin Fischman, Jonna Häkkilä, Kate Kuehl, Valentina Nisi, Nuno Jardim Nunes, Nina Wenig, Dirk Wenig, Brent Hecht, and Johannes Schöning. 2017. [https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025495 The Geography of Pokémon GO: Beneficial and Problematic Effects on Places and Movement]. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025495 * Kate Starbird, Ahmer Arif, and Tom Wilson. 2019. [https://doi.org/10.1145/3359229 Disinformation as Collaborative Work: Surfacing the Participatory Nature of Strategic Information Operations]. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 3, CSCW, Article 127 (November 2019). https://doi.org/10.1145/3359229 ==== Additional resources ==== * King, Gary, Jennifer Pan, and Margaret E. Roberts. (2017). [https://gking.harvard.edu/files/gking/files/how_the_chinese_government_fabricates_social_media_posts_for_strategic_distraction_not_engaged_argument.pdf How the Chinese government fabricates social media posts for strategic distraction, not engaged argument]. American Political Science Review 111, no. 3: 484-501. * Stallman, R. (1984). [https://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.html The GNU manifesto]. * Stallman, R. (1989). [https://gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-1.0.html The GNU general public license, version 1]. * von Hippel, E. (2012). [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=cKcAcm5NDOI The Paradigm Shift from Producer to User Innovation] (video lecture). * von Hippel, E. (2012). [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=odj5VnTI490 Users Working Together in Communities are Powerful Innovators] (video lecture). * von Hippel, E. (2005). [http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm Democratizing innovation]. MIT Press. === Week 8: Profit (02.23) === ==== Lectures ==== # A withering critique of contemporary information capitalism # Whither alternatives? : [https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=6a62de8f-8947-4b93-a58d-ae44011431a5 Lecture recording (panopto)] and [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/files/folder/lecture%20slides/Week%208 slides (canvas)] ==== Assignments ==== ===== Undergraduate ===== * Mary Gray and Siddharth Suri. 2019. Ghost Work. Read Introduction, Chs 1, 3, and 6 (Other chapters and Conclusion optional). (Available via [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/files/13203473/download?download_frd=1 via Canvas] or [https://archive.org/details/mary-l.-gray-siddharth-suri-ghost-work-how-to-stop-silicon-valley-from-building- the Internet Archive]) ===== Graduate ===== * Abhishek Nagaraj and Henning Piezunka. 2020 (unpublished ms). [https://abhishekn.com/files/openstreetmap_google_feb2020.pdf How Competition Affects Contributions to Open Source Platforms: Evidence from OpenStreetMap and Google Maps]. * Nathan Schneider. 2018. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118758533 An internet of ownership: Democratic design for the online economy]. The Sociological Review 66, no. 2 (March 2018): 320–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118758533 ==== Additional resources ==== * Davis, Gerald F., and Aseem Sinha. [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2631787721995198 Varieties of Uberization: How technology and institutions change the organization (s) of late capitalism]. Organization Theory 2, no. 1 (2021): 2631787721995198. * Juliet B. Schor and Manuel Vallas. 2020. The sharing economy: Rhetoric and reality. Annual Review of Sociology. * Juliet B. Schor. 2020. After the gig: How the sharing economy got hijacked and how to win it back. University of California Press. * Shoshanna Zuboff. 2019. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism. === Week 9: AI (03.02) === ==== Lectures ==== # The ubiquity of bots, algorithms, and machine intelligence in online communities # FATE and other horizons of AI : [https://northwestern.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx?folderID=74ee14bc-306a-457a-a1ae-ae4401143753 Lecture recordings] (Panopto) and [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/files/13329976/download?download_frd=1 slides] (canvas). ==== Assignments ==== ===== Undergraduate ===== * Massanari, Adrienne. "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1461444815608807 #Gamergate and The Fappening: How Reddit’s algorithm, governance, and culture support toxic technocultures]." New media & society 19, no. 3 (2017): 329-346. * Simpson, Ellen and Bryan Semaan. 2021. [https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3432951 For You, or For"You"? Everyday LGBTQ+ Encounters with TikTok]. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 4, CSCW3, Article 252 (December 2020), 34 pages. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1145/3432951 ===== Graduate ===== * Michael Ann DeVito. 2021. Adaptive Folk Theorization as a Path to Algorithmic Literacy on Changing Platforms. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 5, CSCW2, Article 339 (October 2021), 35 pages, [https://doi.org/10.1145/3476080 https://doi.org/10.1145/3476080]. * Geiger, R. Stuart (2014). Bots, bespoke, code and the materiality of software platforms. Information, Communication & Society. DOI:10.1080/1369118X.2013.873069 ([https://escholarship.org/content/qt6xc0m98k/qt6xc0m98k.pdf preprint version]) ==== Additional resources ==== === Week 10: The Future (03.09) === ==== Lectures ==== # The future of online communities & crowds ==== Assignments ==== ===== Undergraduate ===== * [https://canvas.northwestern.edu/courses/160351/assignments/1010459 Take-home exam (distributed 3/7, due 3/8)] ==== Additional resources ====
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